The causes for changes [of the Seven Emotions] are numerous. For example, acquiring property, a rise in rank and status, accumulating gold and silver, or many other reasons will bring joy to a person. However, it is difficult to make a distinction among the causes for happiness.

Similarly, anger could arise from having a conflict with another person, from suffering a loss, or from resenting a situation. Yet, it is difficult to say with certainty what is the cause [for that anger]. Even without words, just looking at a person's face will reveal his anger.

* The author points out the difficulties involved in determining a person's true nature based on his expressed emotions. For example, if you see a person smiling at you your immediate reaction would be to think that this person is happy because he or she are warm hearted. However, it is possible that they are smiling, thus happy, because they won the lottery, cheated the shopkeeper, or smashed a bug.

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Though the causes may seem similar, the difference [among them] is like the difference between heaven and earth.

You should study this well. That is, there are numerous hidden meanings.

* The point to make is that the face is a mask that hides one's true nature. Your purpose is to learn how to see behind that mask and into the heart.

Knowing Principal and Wisdom

This which is called principle is indifferent and is thus. Its essence does not change. Also, there is wisdom, which may be interesting when listening to it, but it changes.